Abstract
Human trafficking has been attracting increasing interest from states, international bodies, non-governmental organisations, the media and academia. Yet it remains an under studied phenomenon both in Portugal and abroad. The purpose of this workshop is to promote knowledge about a still unknown reality in Portugal: labour trafficking, from the perspective of both law enforcement and victims/workers’ rights.

Bio
Maria Grazia Giammarinaro has been a judge at the Criminal Court of Rome since 1991. She served from 2006 until 2009 in the European Commission's Directorate-General for Justice, Freedom and Security in Brussels, where she was responsible for work to combat human trafficking and sexual exploitation of children, as well as for penal aspects of illegal immigration within the unit dealing with the fight against organized crime. During this time, she co-ordinated the Group of Experts on Trafficking in Human Beings of the European Commission. From 2001 to 2006 she was a judge for preliminary investigation in the Criminal Court of Rome. Prior to that, from 1996 she was Head of the Legislative Office and Adviser to the Minister for Equal Opportunities. She has a degree in Italian literature and worked for several years as a high school teacher before graduating in law from the University of Palermo in 1986. She became OSCE Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings in January 2010.

Activity within the projects "THB:COOPtoFIGHT - The fight against trafficking in human beings in EU: promoting legal cooperation and victims' protection" and "Tráfico de Seres Humanos para Exploração Laboral: desafio(s) ao(s) Direito(s)"